CALENDAR

ISIS’ANCIENT EGYPT

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With no doubt the Egyptians have been the first to invent a solar and rational calendar.

Their year was made of 365 days and divided in 12 months of 30 days each, to which there were added, at the end of the yearly cycle, 5 supplementary days or “epagomeni”. The months were divided in three groups of four months that coincided with the three seasons.
The flood season akhet
The germination season pert
The heat season shem

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Actually the Egyptian year began the day when Sirio comes out of the horizon at dawn. This phenomenon, called the “eliaca rise of Sothis” corresponds approximately with the flood of the Nile, which was very important for the economy of these people of farmers, because it depended on the floods. This date in fact (the 19th of July in the giuliano calendar or the 15th of June of our calendar, at the latitude of Memphis) marked the beginning of the year.

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So, 1461 years were necessary, so the cosmic and official year coincided again.
Of course the Egyptians had noticed this displacement that brought the summer marked on the calendar in the middle of winter and so for this reason they called the official year “vague year”.

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